Preparation of solid water-equivalent radioactive standards.

The use of a superabsorbent polymer to prepare water-equivalent volume standards by solidification without the need of irradiation to effect the polymerization process, is described. Less than 40 g of the polymer is needed to solidify 1 litre of solution. Monte Carlo simulations of the gamma-ray escape probability indicate that the mixture is water-equivalent to better than 1.0%. During preparation, the solidified material can be mixed until homogeneity is achieved. Comparative measurements made before and after solidification confirmed the homogeneity and demonstrated water equivalence.